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geosmin

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00:55 Jul 20, 2020
English to Chinese translations [PRO]
Science - Biology (-tech,-chem,micro-)
Additional field(s): Medical (general), Science (general), Journalism
English term or phrase: geosmin
Definition from Merriam-Webster dictionary:
a volatile, organic compound C12H22O that is formed especially by soil-dwelling bacteria (such as streptomyces) and aquatic cyanobacteria and that may contribute to the earthy, pleasant odor of petrichor or impart a disagreeable, musty taste and odor to drinking water and certain fish

Example sentence(s):
  • To put that in context, a shark can smell blood at one part per million. That means human noses are 200,000X more sensitive to geosmin, which is also the source of the earthy taste in some vegetables, than a shark is to blood. American Council on Science and Health
  • They came up with the idea of “olfactogenetics.” It’s similar in principle to optogenetics, an approach Potter had been trying with Drosophila but to underwhelming results. Rather than using light to stimulate a specific neuron, olfactogenetics uses an odor—geosmin. nature
  • Yet despite this substantial body of knowledge, geosmin and 2-MIB remain poorly understood throughout much of the water industry, and misconceptions which impede the prediction, treatment, and control of these volatile organic compounds (VOCs) persist. ASM Journals
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Summary of translations provided
4土臭素
Frank Feng


  

Translations offered


1 hr   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5
土臭素


Definition from Baidu:
土臭素是一种具有土腥味的挥发性物质，许多微生物在代谢过程中都能产生出这种物质。 当天空降雨时，雨水会刺激土壤释放出一种称为土臭素(Geosmin)的化学物质，这种容易被弄错的雨水气味科学证明确实来自于细菌而非云彩。

Example sentence(s):
  • 20世纪60年代两位澳大利亚研究人员首次把这种气味命名为petrichor(潮土油)。当雨水冲击干燥地面时会产生温暖的泥土香气，主要原因竟然是细菌。 约翰英纳斯研究中心((John Innes Centre)的分子微生物学主任马克⋅巴特纳(Mark Buttner)教授解释道，“这些生物在土壤中含量丰富。”他向BBC记者表示，“人们闻到的潮湿土壤味实际上那是某种细菌产生的分子。”这种分子名为土臭素，由链霉菌产生。大多数健康的土壤中都存在链霉菌，它们也被用于制造抗生素。撞击地面的水滴使土臭素释放到空气中，阵雨之后的土臭素浓度远高于下雨之前。巴特纳教授补充，“很多动物对它都很敏感，人类尤其敏感。” - Huanqiu.com  

Explanation:
Also known as 土腥味素、土臭味素、土味素、土嗅素, but 土臭素 has the most hits in Google search
Frank Feng
China
Local time: 20:29
Native speaker of: Chinese
PRO pts in category: 4
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