gene silencing

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13:58 Feb 9, 2010

English to Lithuanian translations [PRO]
Science - Biology (-tech,-chem,micro-)
Additional field(s): Medical (general), Genetics

English term or phrase: gene silencing

Definition from MedicineNet, Inc.:
Gene silencing: A mechanism by which cells shut down large sections of chromosomal DNA. Gene silencing is done by incorporating the DNA to be silenced into a form of DNA called heterochromatin that is already silent. The process of gene silencing is important for the differentiation of many different types of cells.

Example sentence(s):

Evidence is emerging that geminiviruses and plant pararetroviruses can interact with the gene silencing system either from introduced DNA constructs or during viral pathogenesis. Some observations suggest there are complex relationships between DNA viral activity, transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene silencing mechanisms. biotech-info.net
The biggest challenges in the field at the moment are understanding two things: how does DNA methylation participate in gene silencing (and that includes what molecules target the DNA methylation to these promoter regions), and why is the cancer cell doing this? The Thomson Corporation
In 2005, Pikaard and his collaborators published research showing that the major function of Pol IV is to generate siRNAs, thereby singling out this RNA polymerase as a potential player in gene silencing. ScienceDaily LLC

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Summary of translations provided

genų nutildymas

Kristina Radziulyte

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21 days confidence:

genų nutildymas

Definition from own experience or research:
Genų nutildymas - tai mechanizmas, kai tam tikri genai genome "išjungiami" chemine modifikacija ar kitu būdu, išskyrus genetinę modifikaciją.

Example sentence(s):

AS genai nebūtinai nutildomi mutacijų. Auglių ląstelėse dažnai yra pakitęs metilinimo pobūdis. AS genų nutildymas gali įvykti dėl promotoriaus CpG salų metilinimo. Tai įrodyta CDKN2A, VHL, RB1, MLH1, p16, E-kadherino geno atveju. - mokslai.lt
(b) miRNR (micro RNR) sintetinama savų genų ir dalyvauja endogeninių genų ekspresijos kontrolėje susijusioje su augalo raidos valdymu (vystymusi) (kontroliuoja lapo poliarizaciją, žiedo vystymąsi) bei klaidingai besireiškiančių vietinių genų nutildyme; - plantbionet.lt
„Kenkėjų kontrolė per RNR interferenciją yra įdomi idėja, tačiau svarbu įvertinti ir ekologiją“, - sako JAV Harvardo medicinos mokyklos skyriaus direktorius Bernard Mathey-Prevot. Jo teigimu, labai sunku iš anksto žinoti, ar toks metodas nepakenks kitiems vabzdžiams. Be to, genų „nutildymo“ mechanizmas gali persimesti į kitus augalus arba organizmus, pavyzdžiui, dirvos bakterijas. - mokslofestivalis.eu

Kristina Radziulyte
Lithuania
Local time: 00:11
Native speaker of: Lithuanian
PRO pts in category: 2

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