Dec 29, 2019 22:12
4 yrs ago
55 viewers *
Spanish term
United States
Multilingual. Very careful & precise.
Native in: English 
Works in: Spanish to English, Italian to English
a expensas de
Spanish to English
Medical
Medical (general)
medical history - diagnoses
I'm proofreading someone else's translation and come across this phrase -- "hipertransaminasemia a expensas de GGT, aislada (crónica)" -- which the translator rendered as "hypertransaminasemia at the expense of GGT, isolated (chronic)"
"a expensas de" has been asked repeatedly here and everyone cheerfully translates it as "at the expense of." Google Translate tells us the same thing. Linguee is full of examples of "a expensas de = at the expense of."
The problem is that the phrase "at the expense of GGT" makes no sense to me here. In English, "at the expense of" means "in a way that harms something" or "to the detriment of" or "so as to cause harm to, or neglect of," or a loss or detriment resulting from some action. I can't see how "at the expense of GGT" says anything meaningful.
Is this maybe something like "with abnormal (/elevated) GGT levels"? hypertransaminasemia as a result of [abnormal/elevated] GGT?
Thanks for your help in suggesting an appropriate translation (and maybe an explanation of the relationship between hypertransaminasemia and GGT).
"a expensas de" has been asked repeatedly here and everyone cheerfully translates it as "at the expense of." Google Translate tells us the same thing. Linguee is full of examples of "a expensas de = at the expense of."
The problem is that the phrase "at the expense of GGT" makes no sense to me here. In English, "at the expense of" means "in a way that harms something" or "to the detriment of" or "so as to cause harm to, or neglect of," or a loss or detriment resulting from some action. I can't see how "at the expense of GGT" says anything meaningful.
Is this maybe something like "with abnormal (/elevated) GGT levels"? hypertransaminasemia as a result of [abnormal/elevated] GGT?
Thanks for your help in suggesting an appropriate translation (and maybe an explanation of the relationship between hypertransaminasemia and GGT).
Proposed translations
(English)
| 3 +1 | Transaminitis with elevated GGT levels versus Elevated liver enzymes (GGT elevation) |
Chema Nieto Castañón
|
| 3 | having a significant effect on/impacting upon |
liz askew
|
Proposed translations
13 hrs
having a significant effect on/impacting upon
..
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Note added at 13 hrs (2019-12-30 11:49:57 GMT)
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OR
affecting
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Note added at 13 hrs (2019-12-30 11:50:27 GMT)
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https://www.proz.com/kudoz/french-to-english/medical-general...
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Note added at 13 hrs (2019-12-30 11:49:57 GMT)
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OR
affecting
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Note added at 13 hrs (2019-12-30 11:50:27 GMT)
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https://www.proz.com/kudoz/french-to-english/medical-general...
+1
1 day 10 hrs
Chema Nieto Castañón
Spain
Spain
Native in Spanish
Specializes in field
Spain
Psychologist & Emergency Physician
Native in: Spanish (Variant: Standard-Spain)
Works in: English to Spanish
Related KudoZ points
:
624
Transaminitis with elevated GGT levels versus Elevated liver enzymes (GGT elevation)
The basic idea, no matter what, is that there are elevated GGT levels.
Both GGT and transaminases are transferase-enzymes; transaminases or amino-transferases versus (gamma) glutamyl-transferase (GGT). It is a mistake to assume GGT to be a transaminase -but as shown by Anne in references it sometimes happen. Both GGT and transaminases are enzymes located mainly in the liver. Whenever there is a liver lesion (but not only or not necessarily so) these enzymes might be released into the blood flow and so we can observe higher levels of these enzymes on a blood test. There is no direct relation or metabolic pathway linking GGT and transaminases and so their occurrence on a blood test cannot (or should not) be expressed as one enzyme causing the other.
And so, there are two basic options here, as far as translation goes; the more literal (1) and the "correcting the original" (2);
1. Transaminitis with elevated GGT levels
2. Elevated liver enzymes (GGT elevation)
"A expensas de" en este caso hace referencia a que la enzima responsable de la alteración de las pruebas de función hepática es la GGT (de manera principal -o única): "alteración por elevación de GGT", donde ese "por" ("a expensas de") sólo expresa que la alteración "es debida" a (es definida, se caracteriza por) elevación de la GGT.
Both GGT and transaminases are transferase-enzymes; transaminases or amino-transferases versus (gamma) glutamyl-transferase (GGT). It is a mistake to assume GGT to be a transaminase -but as shown by Anne in references it sometimes happen. Both GGT and transaminases are enzymes located mainly in the liver. Whenever there is a liver lesion (but not only or not necessarily so) these enzymes might be released into the blood flow and so we can observe higher levels of these enzymes on a blood test. There is no direct relation or metabolic pathway linking GGT and transaminases and so their occurrence on a blood test cannot (or should not) be expressed as one enzyme causing the other.
And so, there are two basic options here, as far as translation goes; the more literal (1) and the "correcting the original" (2);
1. Transaminitis with elevated GGT levels
2. Elevated liver enzymes (GGT elevation)
"A expensas de" en este caso hace referencia a que la enzima responsable de la alteración de las pruebas de función hepática es la GGT (de manera principal -o única): "alteración por elevación de GGT", donde ese "por" ("a expensas de") sólo expresa que la alteración "es debida" a (es definida, se caracteriza por) elevación de la GGT.
Reference comments
19 hrs
Reference:
On a question-and-answer site, someone is asking:
"En unos análisis realizados ayer tengo 8.3 Acido Urico, 144 GGT y 970.2 Ferritina y P. C. Reactiva 16. ¿Qué significa esto?"
The doctor's answer:
"De estos anailsis se deducen varios problemas que hay que seguir estudiando y/o tratando:
- hiperuricemia (elevaciion de acido úrico): lo fundamental es tratarla con una dieta ...
- Hipertrasaminasemia a expensas de GGT, o sea, elevacion de una de las transaminasas. entre las causas que habria que indagar es el consumo de alcohol habitual o los fármacos. ...
-Elevacion de PCR: ...
- Elevacion de Ferritina: :.."
Assuming that the "patient" listed all of his/her abnormal laboratory Parameters, this doctor seems to equalize elevated GGT with "hipertransaminasemia a expensas de GGT". Note that this would fit with "aislada" in your text.
(Still, I would actually agree with Chema that GGT is not usually summarized with the transaminases…)
"En unos análisis realizados ayer tengo 8.3 Acido Urico, 144 GGT y 970.2 Ferritina y P. C. Reactiva 16. ¿Qué significa esto?"
The doctor's answer:
"De estos anailsis se deducen varios problemas que hay que seguir estudiando y/o tratando:
- hiperuricemia (elevaciion de acido úrico): lo fundamental es tratarla con una dieta ...
- Hipertrasaminasemia a expensas de GGT, o sea, elevacion de una de las transaminasas. entre las causas que habria que indagar es el consumo de alcohol habitual o los fármacos. ...
-Elevacion de PCR: ...
- Elevacion de Ferritina: :.."
Assuming that the "patient" listed all of his/her abnormal laboratory Parameters, this doctor seems to equalize elevated GGT with "hipertransaminasemia a expensas de GGT". Note that this would fit with "aislada" in your text.
(Still, I would actually agree with Chema that GGT is not usually summarized with the transaminases…)
Peer comments on this reference comment:
| agree |
Chema Nieto Castañón
: Yes, as said, in this case hipertransaminasemia is actually equated with liver enzyme alteration rather than with hypertransaminasemia/transaminitis -which is not accurate but would be understandable.
1 hr
|
Discussion
As for Anne Schultz' reference, that would be the most natural way to read the original, where hipertransaminasemia actually means liver enzyme alteration and not transaminitis/hypertransaminasemia. As for isolated GGT elevation versus "mainly GGT" elevation, I feel uncomfortable translating as "isolated" here, as GGT is not really a transaminase, but I agree with Anne that reading "hipertransaminasemia" as liver enzyme alteration rather than as hypertransaminasemia (transaminitis) results in a much more natural rendering in Spanish.
See the causes of the latter:
hypertransaminasemia
A liver enzime alteration is found. This alteration is characterized (mainly) by an elevation of GGT.
This is what "alteración a expensas de" tries to convey here -although it is really hard for me to explain why without confusing you guys! Sorry about that!
Tal vez algo en la línea de "elevated liver enzimes (GGT)" could also do -meaning there is a liver enzime alteration (ALT, AST, ALP, GGT) where the main alteration is an elevation of GGT.
* interestingly, "elevated/higher levels of liver enzymes, mainly GGT" is found mainly in ESP>ENG
Although I feel you should remark somehow that the main alteration here is the elevation of GGT, but I am not sure how you guys normally say that and I haven't found any examples online.
La idea fundamental de "a expensas de" es la de “a costa de“, “por cuenta de“, en referencia a quién paga algo. En este caso se alude a que la alteración de pruebas hepáticas está supeditada, de manera única o principal, a una alteración de la GGT.
La hipertransaminasemia sugiere una alteración de ALT y/o AST (GPT/GOT). En este caso, "hipertransaminasemia a expensas de GGT" hace referencia a una alteración de las transaminasas (probablemente leve) que se acompaña de una alteración significativa de la gamma-GT; hipertransaminasemia con predominio de GGT; alteración de pruebas de función hepática por elevación predominante de GGT
Espero sirva para plantear una traducción.
¡Saludos!
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https:/...
* la alteración de GGT que acompaña a una alteración de transas sugiere afectación hepática o hepatobiliar. Una elevación de transas con GGT normal puede tener una causa no hepática. Aunque no es tan simple