Area Generation, transmission and distribution of electricity - Power systems planning and management / Power system control
IEV ref 603-04-06
en power/frequency control
secondary control of the active power of generating sets in response to variations in system frequency and to the variations in the grand total of active power exchanged with the interconnected systems
fr réglage fréquence-puissance, m
réglage secondaire de puissance active des groupes asservis aux variations de la fréquence du réseau ainsi qu'à celles de la puissance active globale échangée avec les réseaux voisins https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ie...

The pulsing rate has been observed to decrease very slowly, suggesting processes which gradually slow the rotation down.
On a observé que la fréquence de rotation diminue très lentement, suggérant un ralentissement progressif du processus.
https://context.reverso.net/übersetzung/englisch-franzosisch...

An automatic voltage regulator (AVR) is a solid state electronic device for automatically maintaining generator output terminal voltage at a set value. It will try and do this as the generator load or operating temperature changes. The AVR is part of the alternators excitation system.
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It controls output by sensing the voltage from the generator terminals and comparing it to a stable reference. The error signal is then used to adjust the field current by increasing or decreasing the current flow to an exciter stator, which in turn will lead to a lower or higher voltage at the main stator terminals.
https://support.wellandpower.net/hc/en-us/articles/360001851...

If the speed falls to some 2.5Hz below nominal, then the alternator’s Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) protection circuit will be activated by the automatic UFRO – Under Frequency Roll Off – circuit.
The typical expectation for low speed conditions is that they are temporary short term conditions that have occurred due to a sudden increase in load and have resulted from the engines inability to transiently maintain nominal speed.
https://www.stamford-avk.com/sites/stamfordavk/files/AGNs/AG...

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Note added at 18 hrs (2023-01-11 11:07:25 GMT)
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Abstract- This paper presents a new model for each component of Automatic generation control (AGC) and automatic voltage regulator (AVR) loops considering generator rate constraints (GRC) of one and two areas interconnected thermal power system. Any mismatch between system generation and demand results in a change in system frequency that is highly undesired. Excitation of the generator must be regulated in order to match the power demand, otherwise, the bus voltage may fall beyond the permitted limit.
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The goal of the AGC in an interconnected strength machine is to hold tie-line electricity strength and to keep the frequency of every area shut to the scheduled values through adjusting the MW outputs of the AGC generators which will accommodate fluctuating load demands [5]. The generator excitation device keeps the generator voltage and controls the reactive electricity flow.
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AVR is an important part of a synchronous generator. The AVR is used for regulating the terminal voltage of the synchronous generator. Whenever, there is an unexpected drop in voltage due to accidents, faults or common changes in loading.
https://globaljournals.org/GJRE_Volume22/2-Automatic-Generat...

This present work describes a system dynamic model, with thermal generating sources and RES (Solar and wind Power model) for studying the AGC and AVR of system. The secondary controller in the AGC loop is optimally designed and compared by considering the Proportional integral (PI), Proportional integral derivative (PID) and Fuzzy logic controller (FLC).
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9063775

Figure 13. Simulation block diagram of AGC with AVR and LFC Therefore frequency and voltage are separately analyzed. The coupling effect can be studied by extending AGC with excitation system. Fig. 13 shows simulink block diagram of AGC with excitation system.
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Simulation-block-diagram...
file:///D:/Daten/Downloads/24.pdf

This paper deals with the automatic generation control (AGC) of interconnected thermal systems with combination of the automatic voltage control (AVR) and considering effect of generation rate constraints (GRC) & Demand Side Management. In this particular work thermal unit is considered with four area concept. The primary purpose of the AGC is to balance the total system generation against system load and losses so that the desired frequency and power interchange with neighboring systems are maintained. Any mismatch between generation and demand causes the system frequency to deviate from scheduled value. Thus high frequency deviation may lead to system collapse. Further the role of automatic voltage regulator is to hold terminal voltage magnitude of synchronous generator at a specified level. The interaction between frequency deviation and voltage deviation is analyzed in this paper. https://www.academia.edu/36227036/Implimentation_of_AGC_and_...