Glossary entry

Danish term or phrase:

tostofs

English translation:

the key word is polypharmacy=the patient is taking more than one drug/multiple medications

Added to glossary by dmesnier
Sep 22, 2022 13:05
1 yr ago
10 viewers *
Danish term

tostofs

Danish to English Medical Medical: Pharmaceuticals medical journal article
Hell0 I'm trying to verify if "tostofs..." means "two-drug (second generation antipsychotics) meaning that the patient is taking more than one or is this "double-substance (second generation antipsychotics)j meaning the drug itself contains two substances. This appears in a medical journal case history discussion as below. Thanks for your help!



En bemærkelsesværdig - men på ingen måde unik - faktor hos patienten var polyfarmaci. Han fik tostofsandengenerationsantipsykotika samt et centralstimulerende præparat, og der var sket en ukontrolleret dosisøgning.
References
tostofs

Discussion

dmesnier (asker) Sep 22, 2022:
Great - I'm going to go with simply "double" so "double second-generation antipsychotics"
Christopher Schröder Sep 22, 2022:
The case report says unambiguously: En 27-årig mand, der var i længerevarende antipsykotisk behandling med aripiprazol og quetiapin. Mind boggles.

Proposed translations

+1
53 mins
Selected

the key word is polypharmacy=the patient is taking more than one drug/multiple medications

First of all, let me tell (before others will throwing stones on me - that I do not speak Danish just learning this exceptionally beautiful language and my motivation to answer your question is not for 4 Kudoz-points but my willingness to help. My late mother was a Head Nurse of a psychiatric department, and, losing my father in early childhood, each day after school we were in the hospital garden or in the so-called "therapy room" of the facility, which was the second in Hungary with no meshes around the beds. So it is the root of my profound interest to psychiatry. And my groom, Dr. Csákány M. György was a doctor, a researcher, with whom I shared my passion for medical field/translations. So please forgive me for the brave attempt.

Excerpt from your sentence: "... factor in the patient ... polypharmacy"

Polypharmacy (PP) is defined as the “administration of multiple medications at the same time and/or the administration of more medications than is clinically indicated, often represents an unnecessary use of medication” (Mallet et al., 2007). There is no universal definition of PP with regards to the actual number of medications taken by an individual, but most of the new studies have defined PP as concurrent use of five or more medications (Al-Hashar et al., 2016, Banerjee et al., 2011, Chang et al., 2020, Organization, 2004). Polypharmacy is prevalent among older adults (Salih et al., 2013). More than 30% of patients aged 65 years or older were taking five or more drugs and 53.6% when OTC drugs were considered (Banerjee et al., 2011, Junius-Walker et al., 2006, Qato et al., 2008). Polypharmacy, when used judiciously, is valuable and fundamental for the best care in some patients. Still, it can also be associated with negative health consequences such as potential inappropriate prescribing, adverse drug events (dizziness, confusion, nausea, constipation, incontinence, and falling), drug interactions, non-adherence to medications, higher health care costs, decreased physical functioning, cognition, and quality of life (Hajjar et al., 2007, Mangoni and Jackson, 2004, Salih et al., 2013, Statistics, 2006, Ziere et al., 2006).
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S131901642...

Concomitant use of two or more antipsychotic drugs is common in Sweden
Conclusions: In Sweden, 25% of patients dispensed antipsychotic drugs receive a combination of two or more antipsychotic drugs. Individuals who are dispensed antipsychotic polypharmacy
are more often dispensed anxiolytics and sedatives than those prescribed only one antipsychotic drug. Long-term observational studies are needed to assess the efficacy and safety of such combinations.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/204512531558864...

Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs), also known as atypical antipsychotics, generally have lower risk of extrapyramidal symptoms and tardive dyskinesia compared with first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs). First- and second-generation antipsychotic drugs are more comparable in their clinical efficacy, with the exception of clozapine, an SGA with unique efficacy in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Antipsychotic drugs differ from one another in dosing, route of administration, pharmacokinetics, side effect profile, and cost, factors that influence the selection of an antipsychotic drug for individual patients.
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/second-generation-antipsyc...

Secondly, second-generation antipsychotic drugs (or atypical antipsychotics) are not a homogenous category, they differ both in terms of effects and side effects; hence, when comparing to first-generation drugs, we should be cautious about generalization of the findings.[2] The superiority of clozapine, especially in treatment-resistant patients, has been established. The position of other second-generation antipsychotic drugs, in comparison to first-generation antipsychotic drugs, remains uncertain.
https://journals.lww.com/indianjpsychiatry/pages/articleview...

In memoriam Dr. Csákány M. György




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Note added at 57 perc (2022-09-22 14:02:40 GMT)
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So my answer would be "the patient has been administered a combination of two second-generation antipsychotics"
Peer comment(s):

agree Christopher Schröder : It says in the case report: En 27-årig mand, der var i længerevarende antipsykotisk behandling med aripiprazol og quetiapin...
53 mins
Thank you very much!
Something went wrong...
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer. Comment: "thanks for your help!"
+1
7 hrs

dual

‘Dual second-generation antipsychotics’

Implementation of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients on Dual Second Generation Antipsychotics
https://www.scienceopen.com/document?vid=440ab949-e5c0-4b2f-...
Peer comment(s):

agree Christopher Schröder
10 hrs
thanks
Something went wrong...

Reference comments

1 hr
Reference:

tostofs

From searching online I have discovered that second-generation antipsychotics are single drugs, rather that a drug containing two substances, so I would go for "two antipsychotic drugs"

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Note added at 1 hr (2022-09-22 14:29:20 GMT)
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Antipsychotic Polypharmacy - FOCUS - Psychiatry Online
https://focus.psychiatryonline.org › appi.focus.20190047
by A Foster · 2020 · Cited by 2 — “Antipsychotic polypharmacy” is broadly defined as simultaneous prescribing of more than one antipsychotic (2). For practical

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Note added at 1 hr (2022-09-22 14:30:48 GMT)
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EuroWordNet: A multilingual database with lexical semantic ...
https://books.google.co.uk › books
Piek Vossen · 2013 · ‎Computers
This is the case for two classes of relations: hyponymy/synonymy versus ... and both gesteente (stones) and steen (stone) are linked to stof (substance).

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Note added at 1 hr (2022-09-22 14:31:58 GMT)
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What is another word for drug? | Drug Synonyms - WordHippo
https://www.wordhippo.com › what-is › drug
What is another word for drug? ; opiate · substance ; dadah · downer ; stuff · upper ; addictive drug · illegal drug ; recreational drug ...
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